Unexplained weight gain can be frustrating and concerning. There are many potential causes, ranging from lifestyle factors like diet and exercise to underlying health conditions. Getting to the root cause typically requires a thoughtful evaluation of your habits as well as discussion with a healthcare provider. Some of the more common reasons for sudden weight gain include:
- Diet - An increase in caloric intake, larger portion sizes, and consumption of highly processed foods and sugary drinks can easily lead to weight gain over time. Keeping a food diary can help identify dietary patterns contributing to weight change.
- Decreased activity - Getting less exercise than usual, perhaps due to injury, illness, or lifestyle changes, can slow metabolism and promote fat storage over muscle growth. Tracking physical activity can shed light on dips that correlate to weight fluctuations.
- Medications - Some prescription drugs, like corticosteroids, antipsychotics, antidepressants and seizure medications, list weight gain as a common side effect. Consulting with a doctor about alternate options may be warranted.
- Underlying conditions - Diseases like hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, depression, and insulin resistance involve hormonal imbalances that can increase weight. Getting relevant testing can help diagnose or rule out a possible condition.
- Stress - Higher than normal or chronic stress leads to elevated release of the hormone cortisol, which can drive appetite and fat accumulation around the midsection. Managing stress through lifestyle interventions like exercise, meditation, yoga, or therapy can help.
- Nutrient deficiencies - Being deficient in key nutrients involved in metabolism, like iron, vitamin D, and B vitamins, can stall weight loss efforts. Discussing lab testing with a doctor could identify where specific supplementation may be helpful.
- Poor sleep - Not getting enough sleep or having untreated sleep disorders like sleep apnea results in metabolic changes that predispose to obesity. Getting checked for sleep disorders and focusing on sleep hygiene may support weight goals.