Low growth hormone, also known as growth hormone deficiency (GHD), is a condition where the pituitary gland does not produce enough growth hormone (GH). Growth hormone is essential for growth and cell reproduction in humans. Some key points about low growth hormone:
- Causes: Low GH levels can be caused by genetic factors, tumors, radiation treatment, infections, or head trauma that damages the pituitary gland. It can occur at any age.
- Symptoms: Common symptoms in children include short stature/height, increased body fat, delayed puberty, and slow tooth development. Adults may experience decreased muscle mass, weight gain, fatigue, poor concentration, and emotional issues.
- Diagnosis: Doctors diagnose GHD through blood tests measuring GH levels produced by the pituitary gland and stimulation tests that evaluate the pituitary's response. They also assess growth rate and rule out other conditions.
- Treatment: The main treatment is daily GH injections to replace the missing hormone. Dosage depends on factors like age, sex, and goal of therapy. Treatment aims to increase growth in kids, while managing symptoms in adults.
- Effects of low GH: If untreated in childhood, short stature and abnormal body composition can persist into adulthood. Adults require ongoing treatment, as low GH may increase risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Maintaining proper GH levels can improve quality of life.